What is the Lunar Eclipse

Introduction

An eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when an astronomical object is temporarily obscured, either by passing into the shadow of another body or by having another body pass between it and the viewer.

Totality solar eclipse

The term eclipse is most often used to describe either a solar eclipse, when the Moon's shadow crosses the Earth's surface, or a lunar eclipse, when the Moon moves into the shadow of Earth. However, it can also refer to such events beyond the Earth-Moon system: for example, a planet moving into the shadow cast by one of its moons, a moon passing into the shadow cast by its host planet, or a moon passing into the shadow of another moon. A binary star system can also produce eclipses if the plane of their orbit intersects the position of the observer.

Lunar eclipses occur when the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow. Since this occurs only when the Moon is on the far side of the Earth from the Sun, lunar eclipses only occur when there is a full moon. Unlike a solar eclipse, an eclipse of the Moon can be observed from nearly an entire hemisphere. For this reason it is much more common to observe a lunar eclipse from a given location. A lunar eclipse also lasts longer, taking several hours to complete, with totality itself usually averaging anywhere from about 30 minutes to over an hour.

The progression of a lunar eclipse.

There are three types of lunar eclipses: penumbral, when the Moon crosses only the Earth's penumbra; partial, when the Moon crosses partially into the Earth's umbra; and total, when the Moon circles entirely within the Earth's umbra. Total lunar eclipses pass through all three phases. Even during a total lunar eclipse, however, the Moon is not completely dark. Sunlight refracted through the Earth's atmosphere intersects the umbra and provides a faint illumination. Much as in a sunset, the atmosphere tends to scatter light with shorter wavelengths, so the illumination of the Moon by refracted light has a red hue, thus the phrase 'Blood Moon' is often found in descriptions of such lunar events as far back as eclipses are recorded.

 

Moon Eclipse Videos

- Simulated eclipse of the Moon- What is the Lunar Eclipse- Lunar eclipse ecpected to turn the moon red
- Longest lunar eclipse in 100 years

How to increase download speeds of uTorrent

Firstyl u have to download utorrent software.................................................................................................... 



uTorrent was very slow for me until recently I applied a few tweaks. Here’s what I did.



Note: Some of the settings mentioned below are optimized for 256k connection. If you want to calculate the optimal settings for your connection, check at the end of this tutorial. But I suggest you to read the entire tutorial for guidance on other settings. 

First go to Options>Preferences>Network 



1. Under ‘Port used for incomming connections’, enter any port number. It is best to use a port number above 10000. I use 45682. 

2. Randomize port each time utorrent starts: UNCHECKED. I leave this unchecked because I have a router. If you do not have a router or a firewall, and want extra security,check this option. 

3. Enable UPnP port mapping (Windows Xp or later only): UNCHECKED. I leave this unchecked because I have experienced it slowing down speeds. It is not needed if you manually port forward. 

4. Add utorrent to Windows Firewall exceptions (Windows XP SP2 or later only): UNCHECKED (do this only if you have windows firewall disabled) 

5. Global Maximum upload rate (kb/s): [0: unlimited]: 22 (for 256k connection) 

6. Protocol Encryption: ENABLED. I would recommend everyone to enable this. This can help increase speeds with many ISPs. 

7. Allow incoming Legacy Connections: CHECKED 



Network Settings 

Options>Preferences>Torrents 



1. Global Maximum Number of Connections: 130 (for 256k connection)This number should not be set too low or the number of connections made to your torrents will be limited. Setting it too high may cause too much bandwidth to be used and can cause slowdowns. 

2. Maximum Number of connected peers per torrent: 70 (for 256k connection)If you see that the peers connected to a specific torrent are exactly this number, or very close, increase this number to improve speeds. 

3. Number of upload slots per torrent: 3 (for 256k connection)This depends on how much you want to upload to other users. Do not set too low or it may affect download speeds. 

4. Use additional upload slots if upload speed

5. Maximum number of active torrents: 2 (for 256k connection) 

6. Maximum number of active downloads: 1 (for 256k connection) 

7. Enable DHT Network: CHECKEDThis is recommended to be checked to improve speeds. More people will be available for sharing if this is checked. 

8. Enable DHT for new torrents: CHECKED 

9. Enable Peer Exchange: CHECKED 

10. Enable scrapping: CHECKED 

11. Pre-allocate all files: CHECKED 

12. Append .!ut to incomplete files: UNCHECKED 



Torrent Settings 

Options>Preferences>Advanced 



net.max_halfopen: 50 



If you use Windows XP SP2, patch tcpip.sys with LvlLord’s Event ID 4226 Patcher to get better performance. 



DO NOT CHANGE THIS OPTION unless you have Windows XP SP2 and have patched tcpip.sys. 



You can also patch tcpip.sys with xp-Antispy 



If you have a firewall 



* Open up the options/preferences/settings for the firewall – usually your firewall will have an icon to click in the taskbar 

* Look for the keywords “allow list” or “programs” 

* Add the application you want to give access to the internet 

* Make sure to save your settings when you are done 



If you have a router 



1. Go to start>run>type cmd, press enter>type ipconfig, press enter 

2. Remember both your ip address and your default gateway 

3. Type in your default gateway into your default browser, a password prompt may come up. The default username and password are admin for my router 

4. Under ‘Applications’ fill out one line for each p2p client you use 

5. You need to use your ip address, the correct port range and set either tcp or udp 

6. You can find and change the ports in the actual p2p client’s settings, just make sure they are the same in the router 

7. Most p2p apps need both tcp and udp checked, if you are not sure check your p2p client’s FAQ 

8. Save your settings 



:!: Check PortForward.com to forward ports for uTorrent. 



Some of the settings I mentioned above are relative to my bandwidth. 



How to calculate optimal settings for your connection 



In order to apply the following tips you need to know your maximum upload and download speeds. You can test your bandwidth over here. 

Maximum upload speed 



If you use your Maximum upload speed, there won’t be not enough space left for the files you are downloading. So you have to cap your upload speed. 



This is how I calculate my optimal upload speed… 



upload speed * 80% 

Maximum download speed 



Setting your maximum download speed to unlimited will hurt your connection. So use this to calculate your optimal setting. 



download speed * 90% 

Maximum connected peers per torrent 



upload speed * 1.3 

Maximum upload slots 



1 + (upload speed / 6) 

Disable Windows Firewall 



Windows Firewall hates P2P and so disable it and get yourself a decent firewall like Zone Alarm. 



And last optimize your Internet connection with TCP Optimizer.